cara menghitung ip address menjadi network dan host

assalammualaikum.wr.wb. disini saya akan membahas tentang cara mengitung network dan host yang terbentuk dari alamat ip address dibawah ini:
1.192.168.10.1/30
2.172.168.10.1/16
3.172.168.10./22
4.10.165.5.1/8
5.10.168.5.1/17
                   PENYELESAIAN

 1. 192.168.10.1/30
     11111111. 11111111. 11111111.11111100: /30
     NETWORK = 2n        HOST  = 2h  – 2
                          = 26                     = 22  – 2
                          = 64                     = 2
2. 172.168.10.1/16
    11111111. 11111111. 00000000.00000000: /16     
       NETWORK = 2n       HOST  = 2h   – 2
                            = 20                    = 216 – 2
                            = 2                      = 65,534
3. 172.168.10 /22
    11111111. 11111111. 11111100.00000000: /22
      NETWORK  = 2n        HOST  = 2h   – 2
                            = 26                     = 210 – 2
                            = 64                     = 1,022
4. 10.168.5.1 /8
    11111111. 00000000. 00000000.00000000: /8
       NETWORK = 2n        HOST    = 2h   – 2
                            = 20                      = 224 – 2
                            = 2                        = 16,777,214
5. 10.168.5.1 /17
    11111111. 11111111. 10000000.00000000: /17
       NETWORK = 2n        HOST    = 2h   – 2
                            = 29                       = 215 – 2
                            = 512                     = 32,766